Tight turnaround between paddy harvest and wheat sowing, plus the stubble burning problem.
5 Answers
After paddy harvest you have a tight window to sow wheat on time, so avoid burning stubble, which damages soil and pollutes the air. The best option is the Happy Seeder or Super Seeder, which sows wheat directly into the standing or chopped paddy residue without burning, keeps moisture, suppresses weeds and saves time. Surface mulch from residue also reduces Phalaris minor emergence. If using a Happy Seeder, keep seed rate slightly higher and ensure good seed-soil contact. Many Punjab cooperatives and the agriculture department offer subsidy on these machines and on custom hiring. Sowing on time without burning protects both your yield and the long-term health of your soil.
I switched to Happy Seeder in Ludhiana and stopped burning. Wheat comes up fine, gulli danda is less, and I save on field prep.
If you cannot get a machine, book it well ahead through the co-op or custom hiring centre. The year I waited too long, all the seeders were taken and I lost days. Plan the booking before paddy harvest.
With residue on top, make sure the drill is set for good seed-to-soil contact and keep the seed rate a touch higher. My first Happy Seeder stand was a bit thin until I adjusted that. After that it was as good as conventional.
The mulch keeps moisture, so I could often delay the first irrigation a little compared to a bare conventional field. It also kept the soil softer and cooler. Over a few seasons the soil felt healthier.