Practical steps to push wheat yield higher in irrigated conditions.
6 Answers
To increase wheat yield, focus on the basics done well. First, sow on time (late October to mid-November in north India) using certified seed of a high-yielding variety like DBW 327, DBW 303 or HD-3086. Use a seed drill for an even stand at the right seed rate. Apply fertiliser by soil test, split nitrogen across irrigations, and correct zinc and sulphur deficiency. Never miss the crown root irrigation at about 21 days. Control Phalaris minor and broadleaf weeds at 30 to 35 days, and watch for yellow rust and aphids, spraying early if needed. Avoid lodging by not over-fertilising. Doing all these together can raise yield by several quintals per acre.
For me the three biggest gains were certified seed, sowing on time, and not skipping the first irrigation. Simple things, big difference in yield.
Switching from broadcasting to a seed drill gave me an even stand and a clear yield bump on its own. Even rows also made weeding and spraying easier. It is one of the cheapest improvements once you can hire the machine.
Get the soil test done and fix the small things it shows, like zinc or sulphur. On my plot a low-cost zinc correction added grain weight. Chasing big inputs while ignoring a hidden deficiency wastes money.
Weed control timing was my missing piece. When I sprayed gulli danda and broadleaf weeds on time around 30 to 35 days, the crop had far less competition and yield rose. Late weeding never recovers the loss.
Do not over-fertilise chasing yield. The season I pushed extra urea the crop lodged and I lost more than I gained. Balanced dose by soil test, split with irrigations, gave a steadier, higher yield.