I lose nitrogen when rain washes away my urea or when I apply on dry soil. How do I use the forecast to time top dressing?
3 Answers
Apply urea when the soil is moist but heavy rain is not expected right after, because a light shower or moist soil helps the urea dissolve and reach the roots, while a downpour soon after washes it away or runs it off. The best window is when the forecast shows light rain coming or the soil is already moist, with no heavy rain in the next day or two. If you apply on bone dry soil with no rain or irrigation to follow, much of the nitrogen is lost to the air as gas before the crop can use it. If you apply just before a heavy downpour, it washes off the field. So check the 3 day forecast. If light rain is expected, apply just before it and let it carry the urea in. If no rain is coming, apply and give a light irrigation to wash it into the soil. Avoid top dressing right before a forecast heavy storm. Split the nitrogen into doses at the right crop stages and time each split with the forecast, which both saves fertiliser and feeds the crop better.
I now apply urea just before a light rain or give a small irrigation right after. Much less is wasted than when I spread it on dry soil.
Once I top dressed and a heavy rain came that night. Most of it ran off with the water. Never apply right before a big storm.