Agriculture in Surendranagar District: Gujarat Plains and Hills
Gujarat falls mainly in the Gujarat Plains and Hills agro-climatic zone (arid to semi-arid, 340-1793mm of rain a year across the zone), where groundnut, cotton and castor belt with major oilseed output is typical. Soils in this zone are mostly black, alluvial and sandy (saline coastal) soil. Crops commonly grown across the zone include Groundnut, Cotton, Wheat, Bajra (Pearl Millet), Castor, Cumin (Jeera), Tobacco.
These are zone-level facts (ICAR / Planning Commission agro-climatic classification), not a crop census of Surendranagar itself. What actually trades in Surendranagar's own mandis is listed below. Surendranagar's own month-by-month rainfall and temperatures are in the climate section.
Crop Calendar for the Gujarat Plains and Hills
| Crop | Season & Window | All-India rate (3 October 2026) |
|---|---|---|
| 🥜 Groundnut | Kharif (Sow: Jun-Jul, Harvest: Oct-Nov) | ₹6,913/qtl |
| 🪴 Cotton | Kharif (Sow: Apr-Jun, Pick: Oct-Jan) | ₹8,250/qtl |
| 🌾 Wheat | Rabi (Sow: Oct-Nov, Harvest: Mar-Apr) | ₹2,604/qtl |
| 🌾 Bajra (Pearl Millet) | Kharif (Sow: Jun-Jul, Harvest: Sep-Oct) | ₹2,300/qtl |
| 🌿 Castor | Kharif (Sow: Jul-Aug, Harvest: Jan-Feb) | ₹7,530/qtl |
| 🌿 Cumin (Jeera) | Rabi (Sow: Oct-Nov, Harvest: Feb-Mar) | ₹7,495/qtl |
| 🍂 Tobacco | Rabi (Sow: Sep-Oct, Transplant: Nov-Dec, Harvest: Feb-Apr) | ₹2,200/qtl |
Soil, Water & Irrigation
Drip and sprinkler subsidies (45-90%) and a solar pump cut water and power costs. Because soils vary field to field inside a zone, a free soil health card is the only reliable guide to what your own plot needs.
Mandi Prices in Surendranagar
These are the crops actually trading in Surendranagar's markets (Vadhvan APMC, Dasada Patadi APMC, Dhragradhra APMC, Chotila APMC), with the modal price per quintal reported on 1 June 2026:
| Commodity | Min | Max | Modal Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Brinjal | ₹1,500 | ₹2,000 | ₹1,750 |
| Bottle gourd | ₹1,000 | ₹1,500 | ₹1,250 |
| Green Chilli | ₹2,000 | ₹2,500 | ₹2,250 |
| Elephant Yam(Suran)/Amorphophallus | ₹4,500 | ₹5,000 | ₹4,750 |
| Apple | ₹17,500 | ₹19,000 | ₹18,250 |
| Castor Seed | ₹6,325 | ₹6,350 | ₹6,345 |
| Cummin Seed(Jeera) | ₹15,200 | ₹18,175 | ₹17,500 |
| Wheat | ₹2,000 | ₹2,320 | ₹2,250 |
| Carrot | ₹2,000 | ₹2,500 | ₹2,250 |
| Banana - Green | ₹1,000 | ₹1,500 | ₹1,250 |
Source: Agmarknet daily arrivals for Surendranagar, Gujarat, as of 1 June 2026.
What Surendranagar Actually Grows: Official Crop Statistics
In 2024-25, Surendranagar's largest crops by area were Cotton, Gram (Chana), Wheat. Cotton alone covered 4,01,658 ha (64% of the area under the crops listed below), with a yield of 345 kg/ha, 89% below the Gujarat average. The biggest shifts since 2019-20: Groundnut area +98%, Gram (Chana) area +92%.
| Crop | Area (ha) | Production (tonnes) | Yield (kg/ha) | Gujarat avg yield | Area change since 2019-20 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cotton | 4,01,658 | 8,15,509 | 345 | 3,018 | +13% |
| Gram (Chana) | 54,348 | 88,371 | 1,626 | 1,841 | +92% |
| Wheat | 48,369 | 1,24,483 | 2,574 | 3,017 | -27% |
| Castor | 42,256 | 68,292 | 1,616 | 2,105 | -39% |
| Groundnut | 31,197 | 68,557 | 2,198 | 2,657 | +98% |
| Sesame (Til) | 24,552 | 19,163 | 781 | 826 | 0% |
| Arhar (Tur/Pigeon Pea) | 14,638 | 16,561 | 1,131 | 1,162 | +21748% |
| Rice (Paddy) | 4,210 | 6,825 | 1,621 | 2,410 | +60% |
| Mustard (Rapeseed) | 3,726 | 6,603 | 1,772 | 1,871 | +463% |
| Urad (Black Gram) | 2,611 | 1,469 | 563 | 787 | +275% |
Source: Directorate of Economics & Statistics, Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare, Govt of India (final estimates), via UPAg. Field crops only - vegetables, fruit and spices are counted separately. Gujarat average = sum of the state's district estimates.
Climate & Sowing Windows in Surendranagar
Surendranagar receives about 701 mm of rain in an average year, 96% of it in June-September. The wettest month is July (233 mm). Days are hottest in May (average high 43°C) and nights coolest in January (average low 11°C).
- Rain typically first crosses 100 mm a month in July, the usual cue for kharif sowing here.
- 96% of the year's rain falls in June-September, so rabi and summer crops need assured irrigation.
- May days average 43°C, so summer (zaid) crops and young orchards need frequent irrigation and mulching.
| Month | Rain (mm) | Avg high | Avg low |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1 | 29° | 11° |
| February | 1 | 32° | 14° |
| March | 4 | 37° | 19° |
| April | 3 | 42° | 23° |
| May | 4 | 43° | 26° |
| June | 91 | 39° | 28° |
| July | 233 | 34° | 26° |
| August | 226 | 32° | 25° |
| September | 121 | 33° | 24° |
| October | 11 | 35° | 21° |
| November | 5 | 32° | 17° |
| December | 1 | 29° | 12° |
Source: NASA POWER long-term monthly averages (satellite and model based, so they can understate rain on coasts and hills) for the centre of Surendranagar district (22.8251, 71.621). These are normals, not a forecast for any one year; for this week see the farm weather forecast.
For Surendranagar Farmers: Solar Pumps & Tractors
Districts Near Surendranagar
Before you sell, compare mandis in neighbouring districts too (straight-line distance between district centres):
Land records and Farmer ID in Gujarat
Government Schemes for Surendranagar Farmers
Farmers in Surendranagar are eligible for PM Kisan Samman Nidhi, Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana, Kisan Credit Card, Soil Health Card Scheme, PM Krishi Sinchayee Yojana, eNAM - National Agriculture Market and more. For Surendranagar's groundnut growers, the solar pump and drip subsidies are especially valuable. Apply at the Surendranagar district agriculture office, a CSC, or online via the Subsidy Finder.