Agriculture in Kodagu District: Southern Plateau and Hills
Karnataka falls mainly in the Southern Plateau and Hills agro-climatic zone (semi-arid, 677-1000mm of rain a year across the zone), where rain-fed millet, groundnut and chilli belt of the southern Deccan is typical. Soils in this zone are mostly red sandy loam and shallow black soil. Crops commonly grown across the zone include Ragi (Finger Millet), Jowar (Sorghum), Groundnut, pulses, Cotton, chilli, oilseeds.
These are zone-level facts (ICAR / Planning Commission agro-climatic classification), not a crop census of Kodagu itself. Kodagu's own month-by-month rainfall and temperatures are in the climate section.
Crop Calendar for the Southern Plateau and Hills
| Crop | Season & Window | All-India rate (3 October 2026) |
|---|---|---|
| 🌾 Ragi (Finger Millet) | Kharif (Sow: Jun-Jul, Harvest: Oct-Nov) | ₹2,776/qtl |
| 🌾 Jowar (Sorghum) | Kharif & Rabi | ₹3,608/qtl |
| 🥜 Groundnut | Kharif (Sow: Jun-Jul, Harvest: Oct-Nov) | ₹6,913/qtl |
| pulses | Local seasonal crop | - |
| 🪴 Cotton | Kharif (Sow: Apr-Jun, Pick: Oct-Jan) | ₹8,250/qtl |
| chilli | Local seasonal crop | - |
| oilseeds | Local seasonal crop | - |
Soil, Water & Irrigation
Drip and sprinkler subsidies (45-90%) and a solar pump cut water and power costs. Because soils vary field to field inside a zone, a free soil health card is the only reliable guide to what your own plot needs.
What Kodagu Actually Grows: Official Crop Statistics
In 2024-25, Kodagu's largest crops by area were Rice (Paddy), Jowar (Sorghum), Maize (Corn). Rice (Paddy) alone covered 11,665 ha (87% of the area under the crops listed below), with a yield of 2,651 kg/ha, 21% below the Karnataka average. The biggest shifts since 2019-20: Rice (Paddy) area -58%.
| Crop | Area (ha) | Production (tonnes) | Yield (kg/ha) | Karnataka avg yield | Area change since 2019-20 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rice (Paddy) | 11,665 | 30,926 | 2,651 | 3,345 | -58% |
| Jowar (Sorghum) | 896 | 1,776 | 1,982 | 1,257 | +164% |
| Maize (Corn) | 820 | 1,765 | 2,152 | 3,234 | -45% |
| Ragi (Finger Millet) | 5 | 7 | 1,556 | 1,542 | -77% |
Source: Directorate of Economics & Statistics, Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare, Govt of India (final estimates), via UPAg. Field crops only - vegetables, fruit and spices are counted separately. Karnataka average = sum of the state's district estimates.
Climate & Sowing Windows in Kodagu
Kodagu receives about 2993 mm of rain in an average year, 79% of it in June-September. The wettest month is July (774 mm). Days are hottest in March (average high 34°C) and nights coolest in January (average low 16°C).
- Rain typically first crosses 100 mm a month in May, the usual cue for kharif sowing here.
- At about 2993 mm a year, water is plentiful in season; field drainage matters as much as irrigation, and paddy and plantation crops suit the climate.
- January days still average 29°C, too warm for wheat to yield well; the cool season suits warm-tolerant pulses, oilseeds and vegetables better.
| Month | Rain (mm) | Avg high | Avg low |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 2 | 29° | 16° |
| February | 5 | 32° | 18° |
| March | 22 | 34° | 20° |
| April | 63 | 33° | 21° |
| May | 192 | 30° | 22° |
| June | 688 | 26° | 21° |
| July | 774 | 25° | 21° |
| August | 581 | 25° | 20° |
| September | 331 | 26° | 20° |
| October | 230 | 26° | 20° |
| November | 89 | 26° | 18° |
| December | 16 | 27° | 17° |
Source: NASA POWER long-term monthly averages (satellite and model based, so they can understate rain on coasts and hills) for the centre of Kodagu district (12.3827, 75.6641). These are normals, not a forecast for any one year; for this week see the farm weather forecast.
For Kodagu Farmers: Solar Pumps & Tractors
Districts Near Kodagu
Before you sell, compare mandis in neighbouring districts too (straight-line distance between district centres):
- Kannur, Kerala - 46 km
- Kasaragod, Kerala - 52 km
- Dakshina Kannada - 68 km
- Wayanad, Kerala - 90 km
- Hassan - 91 km
- Mysuru - 105 km
Land records and Farmer ID in Karnataka
Government Schemes for Kodagu Farmers
Farmers in Kodagu are eligible for PM Kisan Samman Nidhi, Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana, Kisan Credit Card, Soil Health Card Scheme, PM Krishi Sinchayee Yojana, eNAM - National Agriculture Market and more. For Kodagu's ragi growers, the solar pump and drip subsidies are especially valuable. Apply at the Kodagu district agriculture office, a CSC, or online via the Subsidy Finder.