Winter sowing options for Haryana and Punjab belt.
3 Answers
In the North Indian rabi season, sowing happens roughly October to December and harvest around March to April. The main rabi crops are wheat (the backbone of the region), barley, gram (chana), mustard, lentil (masoor), peas and potato; berseem and oats are grown as fodder. Wheat suits assured-irrigation areas, while mustard and gram can do well with less water and are good for diversification away from the wheat-paddy cycle. Sow at the right time (timely wheat sowing in late October to November gives best yield) and use recommended varieties from your KVK or state agriculture university. With water tables falling in Punjab and Haryana, mixing in mustard, gram and pulses helps soil and saves water. Confirm variety and date recommendations locally before sowing.
I shifted part of my land from wheat to mustard and gram in Haryana. They need far less water and the price has been decent. With the falling water table it is the sensible move, and mustard fits well before the next kharif. Try it on a small area first to see the rates in your mandi.
Sow wheat on time. Every week of late sowing past mid November cut my yield noticeably because of the heat at grain filling. If your field clears late after paddy, choose a short duration or late sowing wheat variety recommended by your KVK rather than a normal one.