Mango fruits have sunken black spots with rotting at the stem end (aam)

Sunken dark spots on the fruit skin that enlarge and rot, often starting near the stem end after harvest, point most likely to anthracnose, sometimes together with stem end rot. These are fungal diseases that build up in wet humid weather and on poorly pruned shady trees, and the infection often happens on the green fruit but shows only when the fruit ripens. To confirm, send a photo or a sample to your KVK, as the look can overlap with other rots. Management is mostly preventive. Prune to open the canopy for air movement, remove and destroy old infected twigs, mummified fruit and fallen leaves that carry the fungus, and avoid injuring fruit at harvest. Field sprays at flowering and fruit development with KVK-recommended fungicides, with typical actives such as copper-based products, carbendazim or mancozeb used in rotation, can reduce infection, but follow the label, the pre-harvest interval, and rotate modes of action. A post-harvest hot water dip is a known practice for some markets, so ask your KVK if it suits your variety and buyer. For export fruit, check residue and MRL limits before any chemical, and never spray close to harvest beyond the safe interval.