What pests and diseases affect bael and how do I manage them?

Bael is one of the hardier, more pest-tolerant fruit trees, which is part of its appeal, but it can still face fruit fly, fruit borers, scale and mealybugs, leaf-eating caterpillars, and bacterial or fungal leaf spots and fruit rots in some conditions. Because it is robust, good orchard hygiene (removing fallen and infested fruit), fruit fly traps, and light pruning for airflow usually keep problems low without heavy spraying. Its hard rind also protects the fruit somewhat. Where a spray is genuinely needed, use only labelled products, follow the PHI since the fruit and pulp are consumed, and take KVK advice for the specific issue. Confirm any prevalent local pests and approved management for Varanasi with your KVK or horticulture department.