How to control wilt disease in chana (gram)?

I lost a big patch to wilt when I sowed early in October on warm soil. Next year I shifted sowing to November and used Trichoderma seed treatment and the problem reduced a lot.

Add some farmyard manure enriched with Trichoderma to the soil before sowing. I started mixing Trichoderma in well rotted FYM and broadcasting it, and the wilt patches in my field shrank over two seasons. It builds up the good fungus in the soil, not just on the seed.

Be careful not to confuse wilt with dry root rot, which is becoming common when the crop faces a dry warm spell at pod filling. Dry root rot pulls out easily with shredded brown roots while Fusarium wilt shows internal blackening of the stem when you split it. The management overlaps but knowing which one you have helps, so take a few plants to the KVK.

Rotation made the real difference for me. After three continuous chana crops my field was full of wilt; I put mustard and then a cereal in between and gave the field a rest from chana, and the next chana crop was much cleaner. Resistant variety plus rotation together work far better than either alone.