Is damask rose farming for rose oil and gulkand profitable and what yield to expect?

Damask rose is grown for petals that go into rose oil, rose water, gulkand and dried petals, not as a cut flower, and areas like Pushkar in Rajasthan and parts of Uttar Pradesh and Himachal are known for it. It is a perennial that can be grown in the open without a polyhouse, which keeps investment lower than protected cut flower crops, and it yields petals over many years once established. Flower and petal yield per acre is a range that builds up over the first few years and depends on spacing, variety and management, so treat any yield figure as approximate and verify locally. The economics depend heavily on whether you sell fresh petals to a processor, or process into gulkand, rose water or oil yourself, since value addition pays much more but needs equipment and a market. Confirm petal buyers, the going petal rate and any processing tie up with your KVK or a local distillation unit before planting at scale.