I want to export fruits and spices. What licences do I need and where to begin.
4 Answers
Start by getting an Importer Exporter Code (IEC) from DGFT online, then register with APEDA for a Registration-Cum-Membership Certificate (RCMC) if you deal in scheduled products like fresh fruits, vegetables, spices, cereals, floriculture or processed food. You also need a PAN, GST, bank account and usually FSSAI for food. Identify a buyer or market, understand the importing country's phytosanitary and residue norms, and arrange testing and certification. Begin small with a trial consignment, ideally through an established buyer or freight forwarder. APEDA, Spices Board (for spices) and EICs help with market intelligence and quality. The APEDA RCMC is valid for 5 years. Verify current IEC and APEDA procedures on dgft.gov.in and apeda.gov.in.
I started with a small turmeric consignment to Dubai. Getting the buyer first saved me from holding stock. APEDA registration was straightforward online.
A good freight forwarder or CHA (customs house agent) is worth their fee when you are new. They handle the shipping docs, bill of lading and customs so you do not make a costly mistake on your first container. I tried to do it all myself the first time and lost days at the port.
Caution on perishables: rejected fruit consignments at the destination because of residue limits can wipe out your whole margin. Get your produce lab tested for pesticide residue before you ship, especially to the EU and Gulf. For a first export I would honestly start with a dried or processed item that is more forgiving than fresh fruit.