Rhizobium PSB Azotobacter bio-fertiliser seed treatment dose, nitrogen phosphorus.
5 Answers
Bio-fertilisers are living microbes that help fix nitrogen or release phosphorus, cutting your chemical fertiliser need. For pulses and legumes use Rhizobium (fixes atmospheric nitrogen in root nodules) plus PSB (phosphate solubilising bacteria, which frees up soil phosphorus); for non-legumes Azotobacter or Azospirillum is used. The usual method is seed treatment: mix the recommended quantity (often about 200 g per acre of seed, or as on the pack) with a little jaggery or rice-gruel sticker, coat seed in shade, dry, and sow the same day. Apply bio-fertiliser last, after any chemical seed treatment has dried. They are also applied through soil with compost. Use fresh, in-date culture stored cool and away from sun; check the expiry date.
Rhizobium seed treatment on moong gave me more nodules and saved a urea dose. Just don't mix it with fungicide while wet, let the chemical dry first.
Check the expiry date before buying. I once used an old packet that had been sitting in a hot shop and got hardly any nodules. Fresh culture stored cool makes all the difference.
Use the right strain for the crop. The Rhizobium for chickpea is not the same as the one for groundnut. The pack usually says which crop group it suits, so match it instead of buying any bottle.
I also mix PSB with my FYM and apply it to soil, which helps in fields where I have been piling on phosphorus for years. It is not a full replacement, so I still apply the basal dose my soil test suggests and do not over-apply.