How to make and use neem oil spray for pests at home?

Neem oil works mainly on soft bodied sucking pests like aphids, whitefly, jassids, mites and small caterpillars, and it works best as a regular preventive spray rather than a one shot cure for a heavy attack. A common kitchen recipe is about 5 ml of cold pressed neem oil per litre of water, with a few drops of mild liquid soap as an emulsifier so the oil mixes instead of floating. For ready made formulations follow the dose printed on the label, usually given as ml per litre. Spray in the cool evening, never in hot sun, and cover the underside of leaves where pests hide. Repeat every 7 to 10 days because neem breaks down fast in sunlight. It will reduce pest numbers and slow breeding, but for a severe outbreak you will need to combine it with traps, removing badly infested plants, and sometimes a recommended biopesticide. For exact rates on your crop check with your local KVK.