Grape powdery mildew white powder leaves berries cracking dry weather angoor diagnosis sulphur spray
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A white to greyish powdery coating on the upper leaf surface, shoots and berries, with affected berries failing to grow evenly and then cracking, is powdery mildew. Unlike downy mildew it does well in warm dry weather with shade, and it does not need free water on the leaf, so it can appear even without rain. Confirm with your KVK, but the dry dusty powder that you can rub off, on the top of the leaf, is the clue. Manage by reducing shade and crowding: prune and arrange shoots so light and air reach the bunches, since dense shady canopies favour the disease. Avoid excess nitrogen that pushes soft growth. For control, sulphur-based sprays and other KVK-recommended fungicides are used, applied early when symptoms first appear and repeated as advised, and rotated by mode of action to prevent resistance. Take care with sulphur in very hot weather, as it can scorch, so follow the label temperature guidance. Always observe the pre-harvest interval and the strict residue and export MRL limits for grapes. Get a diagnosis first so you treat the right mildew, since the spray choice differs from downy mildew.
Easy way I remember it: downy is oily patches with white under the leaf and likes wet weather, powdery is dry dust on top of the leaf and likes dry shady weather. Treating them the same way wastes money.