Agriculture in Mulugu District: Southern Plateau and Hills
Telangana falls mainly in the Southern Plateau and Hills agro-climatic zone (semi-arid, 677-1000mm of rain a year across the zone), where rain-fed millet, groundnut and chilli belt of the southern Deccan is typical. Soils in this zone are mostly red sandy loam and shallow black soil. Crops commonly grown across the zone include Ragi (Finger Millet), Jowar (Sorghum), Groundnut, pulses, Cotton, chilli, oilseeds.
These are zone-level facts (ICAR / Planning Commission agro-climatic classification), not a crop census of Mulugu itself. Mulugu's own month-by-month rainfall and temperatures are in the climate section.
Crop Calendar for the Southern Plateau and Hills
| Crop | Season & Window | All-India rate (3 October 2026) |
|---|---|---|
| 🌾 Ragi (Finger Millet) | Kharif (Sow: Jun-Jul, Harvest: Oct-Nov) | ₹2,776/qtl |
| 🌾 Jowar (Sorghum) | Kharif & Rabi | ₹3,608/qtl |
| 🥜 Groundnut | Kharif (Sow: Jun-Jul, Harvest: Oct-Nov) | ₹6,913/qtl |
| pulses | Local seasonal crop | - |
| 🪴 Cotton | Kharif (Sow: Apr-Jun, Pick: Oct-Jan) | ₹8,250/qtl |
| chilli | Local seasonal crop | - |
| oilseeds | Local seasonal crop | - |
Soil, Water & Irrigation
Drip and sprinkler subsidies (45-90%) and a solar pump cut water and power costs. Because soils vary field to field inside a zone, a free soil health card is the only reliable guide to what your own plot needs.
What Mulugu Actually Grows: Official Crop Statistics
In 2024-25, Mulugu's largest crops by area were Rice (Paddy), Cotton, Maize (Corn). Rice (Paddy) alone covered 59,174 ha (80% of the area under the crops listed below), with a yield of 2,948 kg/ha, 19% below the Telangana average. The biggest shifts since 2019-20: Maize (Corn) area +31%, Cotton area -28%.
| Crop | Area (ha) | Production (tonnes) | Yield (kg/ha) | Telangana avg yield | Area change since 2019-20 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rice (Paddy) | 59,174 | 1,74,467 | 2,948 | 3,627 | +9% |
| Cotton | 8,400 | 20,181 | 408 | 3,194 | -28% |
| Maize (Corn) | 5,389 | 37,885 | 7,030 | 5,860 | +31% |
| Groundnut | 260 | 432 | 1,662 | 2,106 | -34% |
| Moong (Green Gram) | 138 | 163 | 1,179 | 705 | -83% |
| Urad (Black Gram) | 85 | 75 | 877 | 1,462 | -80% |
| Sesame (Til) | 32 | 20 | 638 | 636 | +45% |
| Arhar (Tur/Pigeon Pea) | 30 | 28 | 934 | 934 | -24% |
| Jowar (Sorghum) | 5 | 6 | 1,151 | 2,301 | - |
| Tobacco | 3 | 9 | 2,996 | 2,732 | +200% |
Source: Directorate of Economics & Statistics, Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare, Govt of India (final estimates), via UPAg. Field crops only - vegetables, fruit and spices are counted separately. Telangana average = sum of the state's district estimates.
Climate & Sowing Windows in Mulugu
Mulugu receives about 1298 mm of rain in an average year, 82% of it in June-September. The wettest month is August (334 mm). Days are hottest in May (average high 42°C) and nights coolest in December (average low 14°C).
- Rain typically first crosses 100 mm a month in June, the usual cue for kharif sowing here.
- 82% of the year's rain falls in June-September, so rabi and summer crops need assured irrigation.
- January days still average 31°C, too warm for wheat to yield well; the cool season suits warm-tolerant pulses, oilseeds and vegetables better.
- May days average 42°C, so summer (zaid) crops and young orchards need frequent irrigation and mulching.
| Month | Rain (mm) | Avg high | Avg low |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 10 | 31° | 14° |
| February | 6 | 35° | 17° |
| March | 19 | 39° | 22° |
| April | 32 | 41° | 25° |
| May | 46 | 42° | 28° |
| June | 190 | 34° | 26° |
| July | 323 | 30° | 24° |
| August | 334 | 29° | 23° |
| September | 216 | 30° | 23° |
| October | 98 | 30° | 21° |
| November | 17 | 29° | 17° |
| December | 7 | 29° | 14° |
Source: NASA POWER long-term monthly averages (satellite and model based, so they can understate rain on coasts and hills) for the centre of Mulugu district (18.3145, 80.3459). These are normals, not a forecast for any one year; for this week see the farm weather forecast.
For Mulugu Farmers: Solar Pumps & Tractors
Districts Near Mulugu
Before you sell, compare mandis in neighbouring districts too (straight-line distance between district centres):
- Jayashankar Bhupalpally - 44 km
- Bhadradri Kothagudem - 71 km
- Bijapur, Chhattisgarh - 73 km
- Mahabubabad - 74 km
- Warangal - 76 km
- Peddapalli - 96 km
Land records and Farmer ID in Telangana
Government Schemes for Mulugu Farmers
Farmers in Mulugu are eligible for PM Kisan Samman Nidhi, Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana, Kisan Credit Card, Soil Health Card Scheme, PM Krishi Sinchayee Yojana, eNAM - National Agriculture Market and more. For Mulugu's ragi growers, the solar pump and drip subsidies are especially valuable. Apply at the Mulugu district agriculture office, a CSC, or online via the Subsidy Finder.