Boron deficiency borax dose, browning curd, hollow stem, foliar spray.
3 Answers
Boron deficiency causes browning of cauliflower curd, hollow stem, cracking, and hollow heart in many vegetables. Correct it with borax: soil application of about 4 to 5 kg per acre mixed with FYM or dry soil and applied at sowing or transplanting, or a foliar spray of 0.1 to 0.2% borax (1 to 2 g per litre) at early growth and again before flowering. Boron has a narrow safe range, so do not exceed the recommended dose or it becomes toxic. Mix borax well because it is needed in tiny amounts and uneven spread causes patchy damage. Base the dose on a soil test where possible.
Borax dissolves slowly in cold water, so for foliar spray I first dissolve it in a little warm water, then add it to the tank. Otherwise it stays gritty and clogs the nozzle.
Big warning from a costly mistake: I doubled the borax thinking it would help more and scorched the crop instead. Boron toxicity looks almost as bad as deficiency, so I now weigh it carefully and stick to the recommended dose and my soil test.