Rapeseed mustard sarson sowing window and variety for Rajasthan.
3 Answers
The best time to sow mustard (sarson) in Rajasthan is mid October to early November; this window lets flowering finish before the cold peak and aphid build up, giving higher yield and oil content. Timely sown mustard clearly out yields late sowing. Good varieties include Pusa Bold, RH 749, RH 725, Giriraj, NRCHB 101 and Pusa Mustard 30. Seed rate is about 4 to 5 kg per hectare with 30 to 45 cm row spacing, and thin the crop to maintain proper plant spacing. Treat seed with fungicide, and give the first irrigation at about 30 to 35 days and another at flowering or siliqua filling. Confirm the recommended variety for your zone with SKRAU or your KVK.
In Bharatpur I always finish mustard sowing by the third week of October. The years I delayed to November the aphids came heavy at flowering and yield dropped clearly.
Thinning is the step most farmers skip but it pays. Mustard at 4 to 5 kg seed comes up thick, and unless you thin to proper plant to plant spacing the plants stay thin and give small siliquae. After I started thinning at around 20 days my plants branched more and pod number went up.