How do I control powdery mildew and aphids in ajwain (carom)?

A white powdery coating on leaves and stems is powdery mildew, common in ajwain in cool weather with morning dew and worse in dense crowded plots, so keep proper spacing, avoid excess nitrogen, and apply a recommended fungicide following the label at first sign if pressure is high. Aphids cluster on tender shoots and umbels, suck sap and reduce seed set, and can be checked with natural enemies, a strong water spray on small plots, and a recommended insecticide only when they build up, respecting the pre harvest interval. Since this is a seed spice eaten directly, stick to label doses and intervals. Confirm the diagnosis and current recommendations with your KVK before spraying.