How to plan crop rotation for better yield over a few years?

A good rotation alternates crops with different root depths, nutrient demands and pest profiles, so the soil and your yields improve over the years instead of declining. The core idea is to follow a heavy feeder cereal with a legume that fixes nitrogen, and to bring in an oilseed or a different family so the same pests and diseases do not build up. A simple rabi to kharif example in North India is rice or maize, then wheat, then a short summer green gram (moong) whose residue you plough back, then back to maize the next year instead of rice every time. In dryland, sorghum or pearl millet rotated with pigeon pea, chickpea or groundnut works well. The rules to follow are do not grow the same family back to back, fit a legume into the cycle at least once, plan around your water, and leave or plough in residue to feed the soil. Done over three to four years you usually see better soil structure, fewer weeds and pests, and steadier yields. Ask your KVK to help draw a rotation for your exact soil and water so the crops and timing fit your district.