I keep missing the right time for AI and my cow is not conceiving. How do I detect heat and time the insemination correctly?
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Common signs of heat include the cow becoming restless, bellowing, reduced feed intake, mounting other animals or standing to be mounted, and a clear stringy mucus discharge from the vulva. Standing heat, when she stays still while others mount her, is the most reliable sign. The general rule many use is the AM-PM rule: a cow seen in heat in the morning is inseminated in the evening, and one seen in the evening is inseminated the next morning. Watch animals two to three times a day, especially early morning and late evening when heat signs are easier to see. If your cow shows heat repeatedly but does not conceive after a few AI attempts, get her examined by a veterinarian for infection or other reproductive problems before trying again.
Early morning before I let the animals out and late at night are when I catch most heats. During the day the signs are easy to miss. Watching the clear sticky mucus discharge helped me time the call to the AI technician better.
Keep a simple calendar marking the date each cow comes into heat. A cow usually repeats roughly every three weeks, so if you missed her this time you can be ready and watching closely around the next expected date. Writing it down stopped me from being caught by surprise.
Make sure the technician handles and stores the semen properly and inseminates with clean hygiene, because repeated failures are not always the cow's fault. After three failed attempts I had my cow checked by the vet who found an infection, and once that was treated she conceived the next time.