I want to grow summer sesame under irrigation rather than rainfed in Gujarat. How do I manage it for good yield?
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Summer sesame under irrigation can yield better and more reliably than rainfed because you control moisture, but sesame is sensitive to waterlogging, so light frequent irrigation and good drainage are essential. Use a recommended variety and the proper low seed rate with fine seedbed preparation, since the seed is tiny and easily sown too thick, then thin to the right spacing. Manage weeds early when the crop is slow, and watch for leaf webber, gall fly, and phyllody disease. Avoid excess nitrogen that delays maturity. Sesame matures unevenly, so harvest timing matters to avoid capsule shattering. For the right summer variety, seed rate, and irrigation schedule for your area, check with your local KVK.
Summer til with two or three light irrigations gave me a much steadier crop than rainfed kharif til, which always suffered in dry spells. Just keep water from standing, it hates wet feet.
The seed is so fine that the first time I sowed it far too thick and the crop was crowded and weak. Mixing the seed with some dry sand before sowing helped me spread it evenly at a low rate. A fine, well prepared seedbed and a low seed rate gave a much better stand.
Weeds are the silent enemy in early til because the crop grows slowly at first and the weeds smother it. I keep the field clean in the first few weeks and after that the crop holds its own. Watch out for leaf webber and the phyllody disease too, and avoid heavy nitrogen which just delays maturity.