How do I control leaf spot and aphids in spinach (palak)?

Because palak is a quick leafy crop that is eaten directly, pest management should lean on non chemical steps and strict pre harvest intervals. Round to angular brown spots on leaves are usually a leaf spot disease, worse in dense, damp, over irrigated plots, so improve spacing and avoid evening overhead watering. Aphids cluster on tender shoots and undersides and can be knocked down with a strong water spray, yellow sticky traps, and natural enemies. If you must spray, use only a product labelled for leafy vegetables, follow the dose, and respect the pre harvest interval so residue is safe before cutting. Always wash harvested leaves well. Ask your KVK for the safest recommended option for leafy greens.