Khejri field bund agroforestry intercropping crop yield shade nitrogen fixing bajra desert farming Rajasthan India
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Yes, growing khejri scattered on field bunds and within crop fields is the traditional and recommended way in the desert, and rather than harming crops it usually helps them, which is why it is so valued. Khejri is a light, deep rooted, nitrogen fixing tree that casts only a mild shade, draws water from deep layers rather than competing much with shallow crop roots, and improves soil fertility and moisture under its canopy, so crops like bajra, moth bean, guar and others often yield better near it. The leaf litter and lopping add organic matter, and it gives fodder and pods as a bonus. Keep the trees spaced out, not in a dense block, and lop the canopy moderately so it does not over shade in good rainfall years. This agri-silviculture system spreads risk in dry years because the tree gives fodder and pods even when crops fail. Remember khejri is protected in Rajasthan, so follow lopping and cutting rules. Confirm spacing and management with your KVK or the arid research station.
Our bajra actually does better under and near the khejri, the old people always said so and it is true. The tree gives shade, fodder and sangri without stealing the crop. We just lop it so it does not get too dense.
In a drought year the khejri on our bunds still gave fodder for the animals when the crop was gone. That is its real value, it carries you through the bad years. Keep them spread out, not crowded.