How to check land records (fard / jamabandi) online?

Most states now have an online land records portal where you can view the record of rights for free. The document is called by different names in different states: jamabandi or fard in Punjab, Haryana and Himachal, khatauni in Uttar Pradesh, ROR or pahani in some southern states, and 7/12 in Maharashtra. The general steps are the same everywhere: open your state land records website, choose district, tehsil or taluka and village, then search by khasra or survey number, khata or khewat number, or owner name. The on-screen copy is usually free and good enough for checking area, owner names and shares. For an official copy that offices accept, look for the signed or certified copy option, which usually has a small fee. Confirm your state portal name and link at the patwari, tehsildar or revenue office, since web addresses change over time.